This report, prepared jointly by the Bureau of the Census and the Bureau of Labor Statistics, is one of a series about the social and economic conditions of Negroes in the United States, and brings together the statistics available for the period between 1960 and 1970. During the 1960's, Negroes continued to make substantial economic and social gains and to consolidate advances made in the 1950's in health, education, employment, and income. Despite these gains, Negroes remain behind whites in most social and economic categories, but the differences in a number of areas continued to narrow even during the 1970 economic downturn, rather than becoming wider as might have been expected.